The United States and a coalition of 35 nations launched a military offensive against Iraq in the early hours of January 17, 1991, marking the beginning of Operation Desert Storm. This historic moment followed months of rising tensions after Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990. The campaign was designed to liberate Kuwait and weaken Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein’s military power.
The operation began with an extensive aerial bombardment, targeting Iraqi military installations, infrastructure, and command centers. President George H. W. Bush addressed the nation from the Oval Office, stating, “This conflict is not war as we know it but rather a liberation, a battle against aggression and oppression.” His speech emphasized the coalition’s commitment to international law and regional stability.
How It Unfolded
The conflict arose after Iraq, citing territorial disputes and economic grievances, invaded Kuwait, a small, oil-rich neighboring country. The United Nations issued an ultimatum for Iraq to withdraw by January 15, 1991. When Saddam Hussein refused to comply, the coalition launched its offensive.
In the hours following the attack, television broadcasts showcased dramatic footage of nighttime airstrikes, illuminated by tracer rounds and missile fire. For many Americans, this was the first war brought into their living rooms via live coverage, significantly shaping public perception.
Reactions at the Time
Public opinion in the United States was initially supportive. Flags were raised, and yellow ribbons adorned trees to show solidarity with troops. “We stand behind our men and women overseas,” one resident in Washington, D.C., said. However, some peace activists voiced concerns about potential civilian casualties and the long-term consequences of U.S. involvement in the Middle East.
World leaders largely supported the coalition’s actions, with British Prime Minister John Major calling it “a justified stand against tyranny.” Conversely, nations such as Jordan and Yemen expressed disapproval, fearing destabilization in the region.
Impact and Legacy
Operation Desert Storm was a defining moment in modern warfare. It showcased advancements in military technology, such as precision-guided missiles and stealth bombers, and set the stage for future U.S. military interventions. The war’s success bolstered President Bush’s approval ratings but also sowed seeds of unrest in the Middle East, which would have lasting geopolitical implications.
Popular Songs on January 17, 1991
- “Justify My Love” by Madonna
- “Love Will Never Do (Without You)” by Janet Jackson
- “Because I Love You (The Postman Song)” by Stevie B
